El problema de la medición en mecánica cuántica

Abstract

Quantum mechanics is probably the most successful physical theory in the history of humanity. This is so even though the structure of the theory is such that, in order to use it, it is necessary to introduce observers external to the studied system. This feature drove influential founders of the theory to the conclusion that science must limit itself to offer descriptions of what is observed and that it should forget the desire to construct a complete image of the world. However, in this text we show that such position is not justified and that a better answer to the problem is to look for new physics that shares the empirical success with the standard theory but which corrects its conceptual limitations. Moreover, we present three concrete alternatives that (up to a point) achieve the former.