?`Ayuda la teoría de errores a diseñar experimentos?

Abstract

The theory of errors, applied to physical measurements, is one of the useful tools to aid scientists to solve the reality-model contradiction during the realization of experiments as part of the constant process of production of new knowledge. The school as a simulated process of knowledge construction must use this tool, in the most adequate conditions, for the design of properly conceived experiments in the classroom, which would favor the conviction in the student of the veracity of the theoretical constructions. In school practice, the ``theory of errors'' applied to experiments in physics, usually constitutes formal practice and is reduced to a long series of calculations to finally obtain a number that would go with the calculated value of the magnitude to express the result. The present article offers an analysis of the criterion of quality in the physical measurements, derived from relative error, taking as example the experimental task that consists in the determination of the value of acceleration of gravity using the Atwood machine. This would influence the correct design of the experiment and determine the relative value interval. It would also influence the correct design of the experiment and determine the interval of values that magnitudes should take in the experience, in order to guarantee its informative force.