Una revisión de los métodos para estimar el exponente de Hurst y la dimensión fractal en series de precipitación y temperatura

Abstract

This paper presents a review of the state of the art of methods with fractal geometry foundation that have been used to estimate the fractal dimension and/or Hurst exponent; as well as an analysis of their parameters, advantages and disadvantages. Subsequently an applications section is presented, where a results compilation of researches using these methods to analyze rainfall and temperature series' structure across the world is shown. Furthermore, a relationship analysis between the consulted researches results and climatic characteristics of the corresponding region is performed; showing that rainfall and temperature series´ Hurst exponent values can characterize average annual rainfall and average annual temperature. Finally, a global map displaying the location of the conducted researches is presented, where the higher concentration corresponds to Europe and Middle East. Rainfall and temperature series that display antipersistent behavior are registered near the equator line. However, a lot of research is needed in other regions of the world in order to obtain enough information to make inferences about rainfall and temperature series' structure.