Caracterización mecánica de morteros en proceso de fraguado a partir de técnicas de impacto acústico y procesamiento de imágenes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31349/RevMexFis.71.011301Keywords:
non-destructive tests, acoustic impact, image processing, image entropy, mechanical characterizationAbstract
En el campo de la ingeniería civil es de suma importancia la determinación de la resistencia a compresión axial de los elementos estructurales de una edificación, así como el diagnóstico de los mismos durante su vida útil, esto es posible con el uso de técnicas invasivas como no invasivas. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados experimentales de pruebas destructivas y no destructivas a especímenes de morteros fabricados a diversas proporciones de agregados pétreos y sometidos a esfuerzos de compresión axial hasta el punto de falla o ruptura. El método destructivo consistió en el uso de una prensa hidráulica para someter las muestras de morteros a esfuerzos de compresión. Los métodos no destructivos considerados fueron pruebas de impacto acústico y de procesamiento de las imágenes digitales mediante patrones de luz dispersada por la superficie del mortero bajo estudio para su caracterización entrópica. Las pruebas se realizaron en muestras cúbicas de mortero a diferentes edades durante su proceso de fraguado o curado durante un periodo de análisis de 28 días. Los resultados muestran una gran afinidad entre los métodos no destructivos para la caracterización mecánica a compresión y los métodos convencionales destructivos.
In the field of civil engineering, the determination of the axial compression resistance of the structural elements of a building is of utmost importance, as well as their diagnosis during its service life. This is possible with the use of both invasive and non-invasive techniques. This work presents the experimental results of destructive and non-destructive tests on mortar specimens manufactured with various proportions of oil aggregates and subjected to axial compression stress up to the point of failure or rupture. The destructive method consisted of using a hydraulic press to subject the mortar samples to compression forces. The non-destructive methods considered were acoustic impact tests and digital image processing using light patterns scattered by the mortar’s surface under study for its entropic characterization. The tests were performed on cubic mortar samples at different ages during their setting or curing process over an analysis period of 28 days. The results show a great affinity between non-destructive methods for compression mechanical characterization and the conventional destructive methods.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Itzel Luviano Soto, Yajaira Concha Sánchez, Gabriel Arroyo Correa, José Vega Cabrera
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