Spatial phase filtering approach for the instantaneous measurement of the degree and angle of linear polarization employing a pixelated polarization camera

Abstract

We present a novel phase-based filtering algorithm designed to retrieve the Degree of Linear Polarization (DoLP) and Angle of Linear Polarization (AoLP) by leveraging the intrinsic properties of a pixelated polarization camera. Unlike conventional intensity-based filters, our approach utilizes complex phase values to estimate polarization parameters, offering a flexible and computationally efficient alternative. Each point is treated as an independent measurement, dependent solely on the kernel size, which enables the potential for real-time processing. Experimental and simulation evaluations under Gaussian noise conditions validate the robustness of our approach, demonstrating a high degree of consistency with standard methods. The ANOVA analysis results reflect this consistency across datasets, as indicated by the sum of squares (SS), mean squares (MS), and F-statistic values. This reinforces the reliability of the proposed algorithm and highlights its practical applicability in noise-affected environments. Our findings suggest that the proposed method provides a stable and adaptable solution for polarization parameter extraction, making it well-suited for applications in fields such as biomedical imaging, remote sensing, and industrial inspection, where real-time performance and noise resilience are critical.