Vol. 1 No. 3 (2020): Suplemento de la Revista Mexicana de Física. X Iberoamerican Optics Meeting / XIII Latinamerican Meeting on Optics, Lasers and Applications / Mexican Optics and Photonics Meeting
Started in September 1992, and meant to take place every three years in an Iberoamerican country, the Ibero American Optics Meeting (RIAO) joined the Latin American Meeting of Optics, Lasers and their Applications (OPTILAS) in 1998, and as of then, they have been held jointly, thus becoming RIAO-OPTILAS. In its current edition, RIAO-OPTILAS coincided with the Mexican Optics and Photonics Meeting (MOPM).
Guest Editors:
Eduardo Tepichín Rodríguez, Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, México.
Josué Álvarez Borrego, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California, México.
Amalia Martínez García, Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A.C. Guanajuato, México.
03 RIAO/OPTILAS/MOPM 2019
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Preface
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryStarted in September 1992, and meant to take place every three years in an Iberoamerican country, the Ibero American Optics Meeting (RIAO) joined the Latin American Meeting of Optics, Lasers and their Applications (OPTILAS) in 1998, and as of then, they have been held jointly, thus becoming RIAO-OPTILAS. In its current edition, RIAO-OPTILAS coincided with the Mexican Optics and Photonics Meeting (MOPM).
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Photoluminescent electrospun fibrous mats for UV detector cards
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryThe present paper describes the implementation of electrospinning technique to manufacture (polymeric-nonwoven) fibrous-mats (with micrometric/nanometric fibers) as photosensitive region. These mats are tailored and assembled in UV-A radiation detection cards. The selective photoluminescence of our mats is due to the Europium ions (Eu3+, Eu+2) added as Europium nitrate to a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix. The electrospinning-equipment operation-parameters such as applied voltage (10 kV), distance from needle tip to collector plate (17 cm), and precursor-solution flow-rate (0.45 mL/h) are determined from the solution of a unidimensional model comprising three differential equations. The manufactured photoluminescent mats average-fiber-diameter is 1.3 ± 0.5 mm, with 76% void volume, average void-size of 7 mm, and average thickness of 350 mm. The photoluminescent mats sustain significant light absorption in the wavelength range of 245 to 350 nm and corresponding emission in the visible range of 400 to 650 nm.
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Optical metrology beyond Abbe and Rayleigh
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryFor many years, it was believed that optical microscopy and metrology was limited in resolution related to the light wavelength as suggested by Ernst Abbe and Lord Rayleigh. In recent past, several approaches have been developed to overcome these limitations such as Nobel price honored STED or optical CD as widely used in semiconductor metrology. Unfortunately, both techniques need special samples. While STED relies on fluorescence, OCD requires grating samples. In our contribution, we present two model based (mb) approaches to overcome some of these restrictions. One is mb Laser Focus Scanning (mLFS). Here, we show how to improve the accuracy of edge detection from several hundred nm to about 10 - 20 nm by exploiting rigorous modeling. The second one is Scanning Coherent Fourier Scatterometry (SCFS) where the diffracted Fourier spectrum is detected and the attempt is undertaken to retireve the sample profile. It is shown that this technique is very sensitive, particularly when the phase is recorded by means of a wave-front sensor. Measurements and simulations for periodic as well as for aperiodic sub-resolution features are show already good agreement. Moreover, we strongly believe that the observed high sensitivity of the Fourier spectra opens the path to quantitatively measurements below the resolution limits of light.
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Influencia del modelo de ojo teórico en la evaluación numérica de lentes intraoculares fractales
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryIn this work we present the numerical evaluation of a new design of fractal intraocular lens studied through a ray-tracing program. To determine the monochromatic and polychromatic performance of these lenses in different theoretical model eyes the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and the area above the MTF (AMTF) have been used. These merit functions show the same behavior for different values of asphericity (Q), independently from the theoretical model eye, even though there are differences due to the Spherical Aberration (SA) considered in each model.
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Towards a quantum Monte Carlo for lattice systems
Abstract:In this work we build the foundations of a quantum Monte Carlo as a stochastic numerical method to solve lattice many-body quantum systems with nearest-neighbor interactions at most. As motivation, we briefly describe the bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model with an external field, for spin-1 particles, as an effective Hamiltonian of the Bose-Hubbard model with an external quadratic Zeeman field in the Mott insulator phase at unit filling. Then, we discuss how to implement the world line Monte Carlo with local updates to circumvent the difficulties that arise on these type of systems by mapping the quantum partition function into the one of an effective classical model, in one additional dimension, given by the imaginary time evolution of the system. Such a mapping is performed by means of the Suzuki-Trotter decomposition, which transforms the original partition function into a summation of weights given by the classical configurations. Later, we present a set of observables that can be measured through this method and show how to use a Metropolis update scheme to accomplish the measurements. At last, we present the maximization of the configuration weights for three parameter sets as the first and relevant step to perform future measurements.⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summary -
Numerical implementation of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer for Bose-Einstein condensates
Abstract:We numerically implement a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, where the coherence and oscillatory properties of Bose-Einstein condensates are explored and the system is modeled by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Several time-dependent external trapping potentials were engineered seeking the adiabatic regime which is quantified using fidelity measurements with respect to the actual ground-state of the trap. The dynamics of both conjugate variables, namely density and phase of the matter-wave function, are shown. Moreover, the density and fidelity profiles of the system are presented when the phase-shifter is switching-on and -off, being found in the presented profiles that the system exhibits three different regimes during the recombination stage among them even an orthogonal BEC to the original one is obtained. We achieve the numerical solution through an adequate implementation of the finite-difference method for the spatial discretization and a Runge-Kutta method for the time evolution.⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summary -
Study of finite fermionic chains with edge modes using an appropriate momentum representation
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryThis work is based on the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, which describes a system of non-interacting polarized fermions, i.e. without spin, moving in a one-dimensional optical superlattice with fixed boundary conditions. Starting from the Hamiltonian of the system in second quantization, in which the optical lattice has discretized the space, and taking into account that the basis that diagonalizes the kinetic energy is the one of momentum, we perform the discrete sine transform type-I, which respects the hard-wall boundary conditions of the system and allows us to express
our Hamiltonian in the momentum basis, in such a way that we can think that it is possible to extend the study to an arbitrary number of sites. Finally we apply the Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism getting the dispersion relation and the bare vertex function where together they form the couplings matrix. By diagonalizing this matrix, we visualize the parameter set where the system hosts zero energy modes. -
Plane waves reversibility
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryThis work simulates reversibility of plane waves in different ways. We start making theoretical classical reversing of a plane wave in two different ways exchanging t by –t as first step. In one case, we additionally flip the temporal orientation of the magnetic field. In the other case, we flip the electric field. Therefore, we can compare two classical approaches to time reversed electromagnetism on plane waves.
On the other hand, we obtain two different mechanically reversed plane electromagnetic waves out of the frame of the electromagnetics reversibility theory. A theoretical experiment makes these effects, where, an infinite plane current generates two plane waves in opposite directions. After this, the waves are made to return by two different ways: (1) by retro reflecting and (2) by moving back the wave. Finally, the returning plane waves insides over a conductor plane in order to induce plane currents in the conductor.
The goal is to complete reversibility cycles including the charges movement. The returning waves and the induced currents will be compared themselves in all the cases. Charges movements are also included in the discussion in order to have an additional felling of the waves reversibility and physical insight of time-reversed waves. It is used a plane waves theoretical experiment created by Feynman as a starting point [1]
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Comparación de la sertralina y del extracto metanólico de Psilocybe Cubensis sobre la calidad espermática en un modelo de depresión inducido por estrés temprano en ratas
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryLa depresión es un problema de salud mundial. La sertralina, un antidepresivo de uso común, puede ocasionar efectos secundarios en la fertilidad. El tratamiento con alucinógenos, por ejemplo, la psilocibina, se considera un procedimiento alternativo para tratar la depresión. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar los efectos de la administración sub-crónica del extracto metanólico de P. cubensis o de sertralina sobre la calidad espermática de ratas macho. Treinta ratas machos Sprague-Dawley se distribuyeron en cinco grupos (n=6). Un grupo testigo absoluto (TA) de animales no separados de la madre; animales separados de la madre (Vetulani, 2013; DEP); medicados diariamente con sertralina (5 mg/kg; DEP+SERT); administrados con extracto metanólico de P. cubensis (0.1 mg/kg; DEP+EXTR); y con solución salina + 1% de Tween 80 como vehículo (DEP+VH). La administración se realizó desde el día 45 de edad y hasta el día 60. Los animales fueron sacrificados a los seis meses de edad. Se disecaron los epidídimos y se obtuvieron espermatozoides de la cola. Se cuantificó el número total y la viabilidad de los espermatozoides, así como el porcentaje de espermatozoides con motilidad progresiva rápida, lenta, in situ e inmóviles. La concentración (F=1.25624; p=0.3133), el porcentaje de viabilidad (F=0.96249; p=0.44528), de inmovilidad (F=2.31662; p=0.08509), y de motilidad progresiva lenta (F= 0.09148; p= 0.98428) de los espermatozoides no mostraron diferencias significativas entre grupos. La prueba de comparación de medias de Tukey arrojo que el porcentaje de motilidad progresiva rápida en SERT es menor con respecto a TA (α=0.05; p=0.04166), y EXTR (α=0.05; p=0.01971). Además, el porcentaje de espermatozoides in situ en EXTR es más bajo con respecto VH (α=0.05; p=0.00348), y TA (α=0.05; p=0.00619). Nuestros resultados sugieren que el uso del extracto metanólico de P. cubensis no afecta los parámetros de fertilidad a diferencia de la sertralina que afecta principalmente la motilidad.
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Optical biosensor for biogenic amines detection used a porous silicon matrix
Abstract:⬇️ Scroll down to see the full summaryThe content of biogenic amines has been studied due to the toxicity of these compounds in humans when are consumed exogenously, and is used as an indicator of quality in the food industry. The manly method for its determination is high performance liquid chromatography. However, it requires a long time for analysis. An alternative method is the use of biosensors, porous silicon with gold nanoparticles were obtained by electrochemical attack assisted with metal salt. These substrates were used for the construction of a biosensor capable of detecting BA using diamine oxidase enzyme as an element of biological recognition and is binding using the self-assembled monolayers method. The correlation between scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, demonstrated the correct construction of the biosensor and the detection of biogenic amines by interaction with the enzyme. Finally, with the built biosensor it was possible to detect three important biogenic amines found in food.
