Systematic analysis of fermionic masses and flavor mixings: a model-independent approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31349/RevMexFis.72.050801Keywords:
Fermionic mass matrix, fermionic mixing matrixAbstract
In a model-independent context, we perform a systematic and detailed study of the fermion flavor masses and mixings.
In this analysis, we present a most general parameterization form of the $3 \times 3$ mass matrix, as well as the Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata flavor mixing matrix, in terms of the fermionic masses and some free parameters. A likelihood test using the $\chi^{2}$ statistic is implemented to evaluate whether the theoretical expressions for the leptonic flavor mixing angles also reproduce the experimental data. The results of the $\chi^{2}$ fit show that the theoretical expressions obtained for the Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata mixing matrix correctly reproduce the actual experimental data on neutrino oscillations.
Downloads
References
S. Navas et al., Review of particle physics, Phys. Rev. D 110 (2024) 030001, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.030001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.030001
B. Garbrecht, Why is there more matter than antimatter? Calculational methods for leptogenesis and electroweak baryogenesis, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 110 (2020) 103727, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103727 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103727
S.Weinberg, Models of lepton and quark masses, Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 035020, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.035020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.035020
A. Abokhalil, The Higgs Mechanism and Higgs Boson: Unveiling the Symmetry of the Universe (2023), https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.01019
P. Langacker, The Standard Model and Beyond, Series in high energy physics, cosmology, and gravitation (CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2017), URL https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=QHRfAQAACAAJ
Y. Fukuda et al., Measurements of the solar neutrino flux from Super-Kamiokande’s first 300 days, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 1158, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1158 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1158
Q. R. Ahmad et al., Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral current interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 011301, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011301 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.011301
P. Minkowski, µ → eγ at a Rate of One Out of 109 Muon Decays?, Phys. Lett. B 67 (1977) 421, https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(77)90435-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(77)90435-X
M. Aker et al., Improved Upper Limit on the Neutrino Mass from a Direct Kinematic Method by KATRIN, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 (2019) 221802, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.221802 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.221802
E. Barradas-Guevara et al., Lepton CP violation in a v2HDM with flavor, Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 035003, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.035003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.035003
C. Jarlskog, A Basis Independent Formulation of the Connection Between Quark Mass Matrices, CP Violation and Experiment, Z. Phys. C 29 (1985) 491, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01565198 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01565198
J. Schechter and J. W. F. Valle, Neutrino Masses in SU(2) x U(1) Theories, Phys. Rev. D 22 (1980) 2227, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.22.2227 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.22.2227
H. Fritzsch, Calculating the Cabibbo Angle, Phys. Lett. B 70 (1977) 436, https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(77)90408-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(77)90408-7
H. Fritzsch, Quark Masses and Flavor Mixing, Nucl. Phys. B 155 (1979) 189, https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(79)90362-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(79)90362-6
R. Gatto, G. Sartori, and M. Tonin, Weak Selfmasses, Cabibbo Angle, and Broken SU(2) x SU(2), Phys. Lett. B 28 (1968) 128, https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(68)90150-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(68)90150-0
H. Fritzsch and Z.-z. Xing, Mass and flavor mixing schemes of quarks and leptons, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 45 (2000) 1, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6410(00) 00102-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6410(00)00102-2
G. C. Branco, L. Lavoura, and J. P. Silva, CP Violation, 103 (1999), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198503996.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198503996.001.0001
C. D. Froggatt and H. B. Nielsen, Hierarchy of Quark Masses, Cabibbo Angles and CP Violation, Nucl. Phys. B 147 (1979) 277, https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(79)90316-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(79)90316-X
M. Leurer, Y. Nir, and N. Seiberg, Mass matrix models, Nucl. Phys. B 398 (1993) 319, https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(93)90112-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(93)90112-3
P. Ramond, R. G. Roberts, and G. G. Ross, Stitching the Yukawa quilt, Nucl. Phys. B 406 (1993) 19, https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(93)90159-M DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(93)90159-M
G. C. Branco, D. Emmanuel-Costa, and R. Gonzalez Felipe, Texture zeros and weak basis transformations, Phys. Lett. B 477 (2000) 147, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00193-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00193-3
J. Bernabeu, G. C. Branco, and M. Gronau, CP Restrictions on Quark Mass Matrices, Phys. Lett. B 169 (1986) 243, https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(86)90659-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(86)90659-3
G. C. Branco, M. N. Rebelo, and J. I. Silva-Marcos, Large neutrino mixing with universal strength of Yukawa couplings, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 073004, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.62.073004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.62.073004
K. Harayama and N. Okamura, Exact parametrization of the mass matrices and the KM matrix, Phys. Lett. B 387 (1996) 614, https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)01079-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)01079-9
E. Barradas-Guevara, O. Félix-Beltrán, and E. Rodríguez Jáuregui, Trilinear self-couplings in an S(3) flavored Higgs model, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 095001, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.90.095001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.90.095001
F. González Canales, A. Mondragón, and M. Mondragón, The S3 flavour symmetry: Neutrino masses and mixings, Fortschritte der Physik 61 (2013) 546, https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.201200121 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.201200121
F. González Canales et al., Quark sector of S3 models: classification and comparison with experimental data, Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 096004, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.88.096004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.88.096004
R. Acciarri et al., Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE): Conceptual Design Report, Volume 1: The LBNF and DUNE Projects (2016), https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1601.05471
E. Barradas-Guevara, O. Félix-Beltrán, and F. González-Canales, Deviation to the Tri-Bi-Maximal flavor pattern and equivalent classes, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 38 (2023) 2350031, https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X23500318 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X23500318
O. Félix-Beltrán et al., Analysis of the quark sector in the 2HDM with a four-zero Yukawa texture using the most recent data on the CKM matrix, Phys. Lett. B 742 (2015) 347, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.02.003
P. F. De Salas et al., Chi2 profiles from Valencia neutrino global fit, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4726908.
P. F. de Salas et al., 2020 global reassessment of the neutrino oscillation picture, JHEP 02 (2021) 071, https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2021)071 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2021)071
M. Bauer and T. Plehn, Yet Another Introduction to Dark Matter: The Particle Physics Approach, vol. 959 of Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, 2019), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16234-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16234-4
C. Rigouzzo and S. Zell, Coupling metric-affine gravity to the standard model and dark matter fermions, Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 124067, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.124067 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.124067
W. J. Wolf and P. G. Ferreira, Underdetermination of dark energy, Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 103519, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.103519 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.103519
V. S. Mummidi, P. Lamba, and S. K. Vempati, Supersymmetry: a decade after Higgs discovery, Indian J. Phys. 97 (2023) 3315, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-023-02812-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-023-02812-x
S. Antusch et al., Singling out SO(10) GUT models using recent PTA results, Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 095053, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.095053 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.095053
N. Aghanim et al., Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 641 (2020) A6, https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833910 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833910
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 O. Félix-Beltrán, E. Barradas-Guevara, F. González-Canales, V. Luna-Mendoza, A. Pérez-Martínez, M. Ramos-Martínez

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the Revista Mexicana de Física right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

