Comparative of parallel modified B-Spline interpolation again classic interpolation methods in Particle-Mesh step for Non-Linear Electro-Ion dynamics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31349/RevMexFis.72.041501Keywords:
Particle-in-Cell, Electron-Ion Dynamics, Particle Simulation, HET, OpenMPAbstract
This work presents a comparative study of interpolation schemes for the Particle-Mesh step in Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations of nonlinear electron-ion dynamics, emphasizing an OpenMP parallel implementation of a modified cubic B-Spline kernel. The modified B-spline introduces a small, zero-mean perturbation close to the standard cubic B-Spline to mimic microscale fluctuations and mitigate oscillations caused by superparticle clustering. We compare this approach against non-parallel modified B-spline, classical cubic B-Spline, and trilinear (cloud-in-cell) interpolation. We propose a three-dimensional cubic benchmark with controlled initial conditions (following Brieda) to ensure a fair comparison. The metrics include the number of electrons, the electric field, and the conservation of energy. The classical modified B-Spline consistently attenuates noise and suppresses oscillations relative to the CIC and the standard cubic kernel, while preserving force accuracy and not degrading energy conservation beyond baseline levels. The OpenMP implementation achieves substantial speedups; the per-thread, seedable randomization adds only marginal overhead and maintains parallel scalability. Sensitivity analyzes (perturbation amplitude and random seed) indicate stable behavior and reproducibility. Overall, the OpenMP-parallel randomized cubic B-Spline provides a favorable trade-off between accuracy, robustness, and performance, making it a practical option for high-fidelity PIC of nonlinear electron-ion plasmas.
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